Engine



(No Modem 2 sheets-sheet 1. P. GHOUTBAU.

ENGINE. No. 434,976. Patented Aug. 26, 1890.

WI'n asses. i w In venan Mm.; @vf @gw-n1 (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

P. GHOUTEAU.

ENGINE.

10.434,976Q Patented- Aug. 26, 1890.

y "Ul III UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PIERRE OIIOUTEAU, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 434,976, dated August26, 1890.

Application filed June 9, 1890. Serial No. 354,678. (No modeld To al@whom it may concern:

Be It known that. I, PIERRE CHoU'rEAU, a

citizen of the United States, residing in the andbelow the piston by theaction of its valve,= ,which ltself is actuated by the motive fluidWithout the intervention of valveoperating mechanism, and has for itsobject to simplify the parts ot' such engine, so that, in construction,parts that have, been in practice found Weak can be made strongerand theparts dificult to manufacture dispensed with, all the improvementscombining to make a more perfeet machine in construction and operation.

My invention consists in improvements in, irst, the form andconstruction of the distributing-valve and the vcorrespondin g part ofthe piston, which, in conjunction with the valve, forms the exhaust-portfrom the upper end of the cylinder; second, in the construction of theinlet-passage leading from the port in the throttle-regulating valve tothe interior of the cylinder; third, in the construction of theseating-shoulder of the piston,

and, fourth, in the construction and position of the exhaust-passagefrom the cylinder.

It consists, more particularly, in improvements in various parts of theimproved form of direct-acting engines for which United States LettersPatent No. 384,186 were granted June 5, 1888, on the application of G.A. Barth, and to which reference is hereinafter made.

In the accompanying` drawings, in which like letters of referencedenotelike parts in the several ligures, Figures l and 2 are longitudinalcentral sections of a small directacting engine adapted to be used as ahandtool in various kinds 01": Work-such as chipping, stone-dressing,&c.'-showing, respectively, the piston at the upper and lowerterminations of its stroke. Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6 are transverse sectionstaken, respectively, von

lines 3 3, 4 et, 5 5, and 6 6 in Fig. l; and Figs. 7 and 8 are partlongitudinal sections, taken as in Figs. l and 2, of the engine asdescribed in the specification forming part of Letters Patent No.S8-186, showing the formof the distributing-valve and the part of pistonoperating conjointly therewith to form the exhaust-passage describedtherein.

The improvements herein described pertain to that type of direct-actingengines in Which there is combineda cylinder bored out concentrically totivo different diameters for different port-ions of its lengthcorresponding to the different diameters of the piston land piston-rod,a piston and piston-rod bored out centrally in part of their length, soas to provide a chamber to accommodate a cylindrically-formeddistributing-valve, a distributing-valve reciprocating Within suchchamber provided with suitable inlet and outlet ports and passages andcontrolling the action of said piston, a throttle or regulating valveadmitting the motive iiuid to theA cylinder through suitableinlet-passages, a suitable outlet or exhaust passage, and means forremovably securing a tool, so as to be conveniently used with theengine.

A represents the cylinder bored. out concentrically to two ldifferentdiameters corresponding with the diameters of the piston B andpiston-rod O and forming circular seating-shoulder c. The circularshoulder b at the lower end of the piston B, formed by therelatively-different diameters of the piston and the piston-rod C, isturned or beveled oft in part of its width. The object of this is toallow the live motive fluid, in acting on this shoulder, as it does inthe return movement of the piston, an opportunity to get in under thesame when the piston is at the end of its forward stroke or in theposition as shown in Figs. 2 and 8. In the upper edge of the cylinder Aa circular groove c (shown in Fig. 3) is cut, so as to provide a freepassage-Way for the motive fluid from the inlet-port d in the cap end Hof the cylinder to the several supply-passages e found in the Wall ofthe. cylinder A and leading to the circumferential recess or groove t'cut in the interior of the cylinder--casingV at a point in its lengthcorresponding with the shoulder d, thereby allowing a free opensupply-passage for the mo'- lOO . tive fluid -to the inlet-passages sand t. The

piston B and the piston-rod C are bored out centrally, forming acylindrical chamber or cavity D, which extends from the upper end ofvthe piston B to a suitable depth within the piston-rod, the lower end ofwhich ismade solid, so as to form a hammer-head Z. The upper end ot' thechamber D is enlarged, and into it is iitted, so as to be flush with theend of the piston, the flat ring m, into the centralv opening of whichis tted the upper diametrically-reduced end portion of a cylindricaldistributing-valve E, which, to the extent of that portion of itslength-below the shoulder formed by its reduced end,is fitted to andcapable of vertical reciprocation within the chamberD,its reduced endentering and leavin gthe circular opening in the ring m in such move-4ment, as shown, respectively, in' the different positions of the valvein Figs. l and 2, thereby closing and opening a passage from the top ofthe cylinder through the opening in the ring to the outlet-passages lc.The valve E is formed with a vertical central supply-passage n,extending from its upper open end to a suitable depththerefrom,inlet-passagesobeingformed" grooves t', cut in the surface ofthe piston-rod C, from the small central extension u of the chamberD tothe live-duid recess i and the exterior atmosphere through theexhaust-passage o, respectively, when the piston is at the upper andlower. termination of its stroke. The exhaust-passage v is formed by alongitudinal groove cut on the inside of the wall of the extension ofthe cylinder A, into which the tool-chuck F is fitted for holding thetool w, and extends from the exhaust-chamber G to a point exteriorthereto beside the tool, so as to direct the exhaust-fluid to where thetool is doing its work, using it as a blower' to clear the face of thework of the chippings or dust made by the tool.

The lower or closed end of the distributingvalve E is formed with areduced extension or stem which is iitted into the reduced portion u otthe valve-chamber D, thereby confining in the reciprocating movement ofthe valve E air or steam between the bottom proper of the valve and thebottom proper of .the valve-chamber, making a cushion for or damper tothe movement of the valve and still leaving enough surface on the end ofthe stem as for the motive fluid to act on in actuating the valve.

In the older form of valve, as shown in Figs. 7 and 8, the ringmwasformed with a sleeve-extension z, in which were formed the passagesz', and the reduced portion of the distributing-valve E madecorrespondingly longer. In its recprocation the end of the valve wasnever withdrawn from the sleeve a', only having movement enough touncover or open the passages 2. The objections to this form were these:the comparatively long reduced portion of the valve made it weak, andthe ring, with the sleeve-extension and passages formed therein, was apiece very difficult to construct perfectly and liable to break. Theimprovement, as shown in Figs. l and 2, permits-of the reduced endportion being shortened, the metal being added to the body of the valve1making it much stronger, and also the end of the valve, being altogetherwithdrawn from the ring, ai'ords a much more efficient andquicker-acting eduction-passage than the older form.

The circular groove c provides a free open passage fromt-he port d inthe throttle-valve to .the induction-passages e, making it a matter ofindifference in the working of the engine at what part of the circle ofrevolution the port d is stopped when the cap end H of the cylinder isscrewed on, as shown in the drawings, thereby permitting it to be turnedhome and tight.

I claim- 1. In a direct-acting engine, the combination of a cylinderbored to two dierent diameters, a tubular piston and piston-rod formedwith diameters corresponding with the different diameters ot thecylinder, a cap end secured to the end of the cylinder carrying athrottle-valve and port, a circular distribution-passage cut in the faceend of said cylinder, so as to provide a free open passage from port inthrottle-valve to induction-passages, a hollow distributing-valvereciprocating within said hollow space in piston, and suitable inlet andoutlet ports and passages, substantially as described.

2. In a direct-acting engine, the combination of a cylinder bored to twodifferent diameters, a tubular piston and piston-rod formed withdiameters corresponding, respect` ively, to the dierent diameters of thecylinder, the shoulder formed by the relatively different diameters ofsaid piston and pistonrod being beveled in part of its width, a cap endsecured to cylinder carrying a throttlevalve and port, a hollowdistributing-valve reciprocating within said hollow space in piston, andsuitable inlet and outlet ports and passages, substantially as and forthe purposes described.

3. In a direct-acting engine, the combination of a cylinder bored to twodifferent diameters, a tubular piston and piston rod formed withdiameters corresponding, respectively, with the diiferent diameters ofthe cylinder, the hollow space in which is partly closed by a fiat ring,a cap end secured to the end of cylinder carrying a throttle-valve andport, a hollow distributing-valve reciprocat- IOO IIO

ing within said hollow space in piston formed with a short reduced endportion, which inV the reciprocating movement of said Valve enters andis withdrawn from the central open space in said ring secured in the endof pis# t0n, thereby 'closing and opening the passage from the top ofthe piston to the eductionpassages, and suitable inlet and outlet portsand passages, substantially as and for the purposes described.

4. In a direct-acting engine, the combination of a cylinder bored out totwo different diameters, a tubular piston and piston-rod formed withdiameters corresponding with the different diameters of the cylinder,the hollow space within said piston and pistonrod being formed with areduced extension in its lower or closed end, a cap end secured tocylinder carrying a throttle-valve and port, a tubular distributingValve reciprocating within said chamber in piston provided with reducedprojection extending into said reduced end portion of said chamber, andsuitable inlet and outlet ports and passages, substantially as and forthe purposes specified.

5. In a direct-acting engine, the combination of a cylinder bored to twodifferentdiameters, a tubular piston and piston-rod formed Withdiameters corresponding, respectively, with the diierent diameters ofthe cylinder, a cap end secured to cylinder carrying a throttle-valveand port, a hollow distributing-valve reciprocating within said hollowspace in piston and piston-rod, and suitable inlet and outlet ports andpassages, said cylinderbeingextended and diametrically enlargedinternally, forming an exhaust-chamber, into the end of which is securedthe chuck for holding the tool and in the Wall of which is formed anexhaust or eduction passage leading to the exterior of the cylinder forconducting and directing the exhaust fluid t0 a point exterior to theengine convenient to make use of the exhaust-pressure, substantially asdescribed.

In testimony whereof I have afxed my signature, in presence of twowitnesses, thisth day of June, 1890.

PIERRE CHOUTEAU.

Vitnesses:

J. L. HoRNsBY, Jos. W. Cnooxns.

